Subchondral bone is the layer of bone that sits directly under joint cartilage. It helps support and absorb forces across a joint when you stand, walk, or run. Clinicians discuss it often in osteoarthritis, stress injuries, and cartilage damage. It is commonly evaluated on X-ray, MRI, and CT when joint pain is being investigated.

Stress shielding is a biomechanical effect where bone loses density because it carries less load than it normally would. It most often comes up around orthopedic implants, such as hip replacements, plates, rods, and spinal hardware. In simple terms, when an implant “takes over” too much of the work, nearby bone may weaken over time. Clinicians monitor it because bone strength matters for long-term implant support.

Stress fracture femoral neck describes a small crack or structural failure in the femoral neck caused by repeated loading rather than a single major injury. The femoral neck is the short “bridge” of bone connecting the ball of the hip (femoral head) to the thigh bone (femoral shaft). This diagnosis is commonly considered in runners, military recruits, and active people with new groin or deep hip pain. It can also occur in people with reduced bone strength, where normal daily forces are enough to cause injury.

The Stinchfield test is a physical exam maneuver used to assess hip-related pain. It involves lifting a straight leg against resistance to see whether this reproduces symptoms. It is commonly used in orthopedic, sports medicine, and physical therapy evaluations of hip and groin pain. The test is sometimes called the resisted straight leg raise test.

Stair training post THA is structured practice for going up and down stairs after a total hip arthroplasty (THA), also called total hip replacement. It is commonly introduced in the hospital and continued in outpatient physical therapy or home-based rehabilitation. The goal is to relearn stair mechanics while protecting the healing hip and improving confidence with daily movement. It usually includes education, technique practice, and progression based on function and surgical precautions.

Standing AP pelvis is a weight-bearing X-ray view of the pelvis taken from front to back (anteroposterior). It shows both hips, the pelvic ring, and how the joints align while a person is standing. It is commonly used in orthopedic clinics to evaluate hip pain, arthritis, alignment, and preoperative planning.

SPECT-CT is a medical imaging test that combines two scan types in one session. It shows both **bone or tissue activity** (function) and **detailed anatomy** (structure). It is commonly used in orthopedics to evaluate **hard-to-explain joint pain**, including hip pain. It is a diagnostic tool, not a treatment.

Sports hernia is a clinical term for persistent groin pain related to injury of the lower abdominal wall and nearby soft tissues. It is most often discussed in athletes who cut, twist, sprint, or kick. Despite the name, it may not involve a true “hernia” bulge. Clinicians use it in sports medicine and orthopedics when evaluating complex groin and hip-area pain.

Snapping iliopsoas is a hip condition where the iliopsoas tendon moves abruptly and creates a noticeable snap. People often describe it as a “click,” “clunk,” or “popping” sensation at the front of the hip or groin. It is commonly discussed in sports medicine, orthopedics, and physical therapy when evaluating hip pain or mechanical symptoms. In some cases it is painless; in others it is associated with irritation and inflammation.

Snapping iliopsoas tendon describes a hip “snap” caused by the iliopsoas tendon moving across nearby structures. It is commonly discussed when people feel or hear a click in the front of the hip during motion. It may be painless, uncomfortable, or associated with anterior (front) hip or groin pain. The term is used in orthopedics, sports medicine, physical therapy, and imaging reports to describe a specific snapping-hip pattern.